BMD 330: Human Physiology
Chapter 21 Objectives
Endocrine Control of Metabolism and Growth
Metabolism
1. Define metabolism, anabolism and catabolism
2. Explain energy balance
3. Define convection, conduction, evaporation, and radiation
4. Describe the process of thermoregulation
a. Define the thermoneutral zone
b. Describe the role of blood flow in thermoregulation
c. Describe the process of sweating
d. Explain unregulated heat production
e. Compare/contrast shivering and non-shivering thermogenesis
5. What produces fever?
6. Compare/contrast hypothermia and hyperthermia
7. Define metabolic rate
8. Explain how metabolic rate can be measured, directly or indirectly
9. Define basal metabolic rate
10. Define respiratory quotient
11. Explain diet-induced thermogenesis
12. Explain the daily energy requirements
13. Compare/contrast absorptive and postabsorptive states
14. Define glycogenesis, glycogenolysis, and gluconeogenesis
15. Describe the fate of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats after a meal
16. Describe the role of the liver during the fasting state
17. Explain the production of ketone bodies
18. Describe the pancreas and the hormones it secretes
19. Compare/contrast insulin and glucagon
a. Site of synthesis and release
b. Stimuli for release
c. Function
20. Describe the control of blood glucose levels
21. Compare/contrast the different types of diabetes
22. Explain the effects of the catecholamines on blood glucose levels
23. Describe the CCK theory of regulating food intake
24. List the various hormones that affect blood glucose levels and state whether they increase or decrease it
25. Name the hormones of the adrenal gland and their sites of synthesis
26. Describe the effects of cortisol on metabolism
27. Describe the anatomy of the thyroid gland
28. Name the different endocrine cell types of the thyroid gland and their respective hormone.
29. Describe the structure and synthesis of thyroid hormone
30. Describe the control of thyroid hormone secretion
31. List the main effects of thyroid hormone
Growth
32. List the main hormones affecting growth
33. Explain the role of Growth Hormone in growth
34. Describe the process of bone growth
35. List the hormones that regulate calcium. Describe their actions.