Publications

1. Coulson, R.L., Feltovich, P. J., & Spiro, R. J. (1997). Cognitive Flexibility in Medicine: An Application to the Recognition and Understanding of Hypertension. Advances in Health Sciences Education, 2, pp. 141-61.
2. Feltovich,P., Spiro, R., & Coulson, R. (1989). The nature of conceptual understanding in biomedicine: The deep structure of complex ideas and the development of misconceptions. In D. Evans & V. Patel (Eds.), Cognitive science in medicine: Biomedical modeling. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
3. Feltovich,P., Spiro, R., & Coulson, R. (1997). Issues of expert flexibility in contexts characterized by complexity and change. In P. J. Feltovich, K. M. Ford, & R. R. Hoffman (Eds.), Expertise in context: Human and machine (pp. 125-146). Menlo Park, CA: AAAI/MIT Press.
4. Feltovich, P. J., Spiro, R. J., & Coulson, R. L. (1997). Issues of expert flexibility in contexts characterized by complexity and change, MA: MIT Press, pp. 125-146.
5. Feltovich, P. J., Coulson, R. L., & Spiro, R. J. (2001). Learners' (mis)understanding of important and difficult concepts: a challenge to smart machines in education. MA: MIT Press.
6. Spiro, R., Coulson, R., Feltovich, P., & Anderson, D. (1988). Cognitive flexibility theory: Advanced knowledge acquisition in ill-structured domains. In Proceedings of the 10th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
7. Spiro, R. J., Feltovich, P. J., Coulson, R. L., Anderson, D. K. (1989). Multiple analogies for complex concepts: antidotes for analogy-induced misconception in advanced knowledge acquisition. New York: Cambridge University Press.
8. Spiro, R. J., Feltovich, P. J., Jacobsen, M. J., Coulson, R. L. (1991). Cognitive Flexibility, Constructivism, and Hypertext: Random Access Instruction for Advanced Knowledge Acquisition in Ill-Structured Domains. Educause Review, 5, pp. 24–33.
9. Spiro, R. J., Feltovich, P. J., Jacobson, M. J., Coulson, R. L. (1991). Knowledge representation, content specification, and the development of skill in situation-specific knowledge assembly: some constructivist issues as they relate to cognitive flexibility theory and hypertext, Educational Technology, 31(9), pp. 22-25.
10. Spiro, R., Feltovich, P. J., M. Jacobson, M. J., & Coulson, R. L.(1995). "Cognitive Flexibilty, Constructivism, and Hypertext: Random Assess Instruction for Advanced Knowledge Acquisition in Ill-Structured Domains."
11. Spiro, R., Vispoel, W., & Schmitz. J. (1987). "Knowledge Acquisition for Application: Cognitive Flexibility and Transfer in Complex Content Domains," B. B. a. S. Glynn, Readings in Executive Control Processes . Hillsdale, N.J: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.