bmd

Biomedical Sciences

at the University of South Alabama

Dr. Anthony Guarino, Adjunct Professor
Biography

Dr. A. M. Guarino, Adjunct Professor, majored in chemistry and minored in philosophy at Boston College. After graduating with a B. S. in Chemistry from Boston College, he had a 3-year tour of duty in the U. S. Navy. He then resumed his scientific training at the University of Rhode Island, receiving an M.S. in Chemistry and a Ph.D. in Pharmacology with a minor in Medicinal Chemistry. The next 26 years of his professional life was about equally divided between the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).   Most of his time at NIH, Dr. Guarino was involved with the drug development program of the National Cancer Institute (NCI). Much of his FDA time involved the review of applications for drug approvals. For a total of 16 years while at NIH and FDA, he remained active in teaching a basic toxicology course and for 5 years was the Chairman, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology at the NIH Graduate School in Bethesda, MD. Since moving to the Mobile area in 1985, he has been Adjunct Professor, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama. Dr. Guarino joined the Biomedical Sciences as an adjunct faculty member in 1996. He continues to serve as a consultant in the areas of drug development and the adverse effects of drugs.

Dr. Guarino also was granted the credentials of Licenced Professional Counselor (1995) after returning to graduate school to obtain a M. S. in Counseling from Liberty University (1993) and completing other requirements of the State of Alabama.Dr. Guarino has also served as a Clinical Therapist specializing in Marriage & Family Counseling for Catholic Social Services (1992-2006), Castlebrook Counseling, Inc. (2006-2007) and Carpenters House, PC (presently) in Mobile, AL.

Professional Memberships

  • Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (American Society for Pharmacology & Experimetal Therapeutics)
  • Society of Toxicology
  • American Chemical Society
  • American Association of Christian Counselors
  • Mobile Licenced Professional Counselors
Relevant Publications

1. Guarino, A.M., Rosecrans, J.A., Mendillo, A.B., and DeFeo, J.J.: Brain levels of norepinephrine and serotonin in isolated rats receiving pargyline. Biochem. Pharmacol. 16: 227-228, 1967.

2. Guarino, A.M. and Schanker, L.S.: Biliary excretion of probenecid and its glucuronide. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap. 164: 387-395, 1968.

3. Guarino, A.M., Gram, T.E., Gigon, P.L., Green, F.E., and Gillette, J.R.: Changes in Michaelis and spectral constants for aniline in hepatic microsomes from phenobarbital-treated rats. Mol. Pharmacol. 5: 131-136, 1969.

4. Hart, L.G., Guarino, A.M., and Schanker, L.S.: Gastric dialysis as a possible antidotal procedure for removal of absorbed drugs. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 73: 853-860, 1969.

5. Gram, T.E., Guarino, A.M., Schroeder, D.H., and Gillette, J.R.: Changes in certain kinetic properties of hepatic microsomal aniline hydroxylase and ethylmorphine demethylase associated with postnatal development and maturation in male rats. Biochem. J. 113: 681-685, 1969.

6. Guarino, A.M., Gram, T.E., Schroeder, D.H., Call, J.B., and Gillette, J.R.: Alterations in kinetic constants for hepatic microsomal aniline hydroxylase and ethylmorphine N- demethylase activity associated with pregnancy in rats. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap. 168: 224-228, 1969.

7. Guarino, A.M., Conway, W.E., and Fales, H.M.: Mass spectral identification of probenecid metabolites in rat bile. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 8: 244-252, 1969.

8. Gram, T.E., Guarino, A.M., Schroeder, D.H., Davis, D.C., Reagan, R.L., and Gillette, J.R.: The effect of starvation on the kinetics of drug oxidation by hepatic microsomal enzymes from male and female rats. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap. 175: 12-21, 1970.

9. Guarino, A.M., Schroeder, D.H., Adamson, R.H., Call, J.B., and Gram, T.E.: Studies of hepatic microsomal enzymes, serum proteins, and serum cholesterol after treatment of rats with L-asparaginase alone or in combination with phenobarbital. J. Nat. Cancer Inst. 45: 783-788, 1970.

10. Blaszkowski, T.P, DeFeo, J.J., and Guarino, A.M.: Central vs. peripheral catecholamines in rats during adaptation to chronic restraint stress. Pharmacology 4: 321-333, 1970.

11. Gottlieb, J.A., Guarino, A.M., Call, J.B., Oliverio, V.T., and Block, J.: Preliminary pharmacological studies and clinical evaluation of camptothecin sodium. Cancer Chemother. Rep. 54: 461-470, 1970.

12. Oliverio, V.T., and Guarino, A.M.: Isolation and identification of drug metabolites: isotope dilution analysis. In Gillette, J.R., and Brodie, B.B. (eds.): Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology-Concepts in Biochemical Pharmacology. Heidelberg, Springer-Verlag Co., Vol. 28, Part 2, Chapter 32, pp. 160-177, 1971.

13. Guarino, A.M., and Fales, H.M.: Isolation and identification of drug metabolites: gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In Gillette, J.R., and Brodie, B.B. (eds.): Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology-Concepts in Biochemical Pharmacology. Heidelberg, Springer-Verlag Co., Vol. 28, Part 2, Chapter 33, pp. 178-208, 1971.

14. Gram, T.E., Schroeder, D.H., Davis, D.C., Reagan, R.L., and Guarino, A.M.: Enzymatic and biochemical composition of smooth and rough microsomal membranes from monkey, guinea pig and mouse liver. Biochem. Pharmacol. 20: 1371-1381, 1971.

15. Adamson, R.H., and Guarino, A.M.: The effect of foreign compounds on elasmobranchs and the effect of elasmobranchs on foreign compounds. Comparative Biochem. Physiol. 42A: 171- 182, 1972.

16. Kinter, W.B., Merkens, L.S., Janicki, R.H., and Guarino, A.M.: Studies on the mechanism of toxicity of DDT and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB's): disruption of osmoregulation in marine fish. Environmental Health Perspectives 1: 169-173, 1972.

17. Guarino, A.M., and Litterst, C.L.: Metabolism of cancer chemotherapeutic agents via pathways utilized by xenobiotics. In Sartorelli, A., and Johns, D.G. (eds.): Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology - Antineoplastic and Immunosuppressive Agents. Heidelberg, Springer-Verlag Co., pp. 288-318, 1974.

18. Pritchard, J.B., Guarino, A.M., and Kinter, W.B.: Distribution, metabolism, and excretion of DDT and mirex by a marine telost, the winter flounder. Environmental Health Perspectives 4: 45-54, 1973.

19. Guarino, A.M., Anderson, J.B., Starkweather, D.K., and Chignell, C.F.: Pharmacologic studies of sodium camptothecin (NSC-100, 880): distribution, plasma protein binding, and biliary excretion. Cancer Chemother. Rep. 57: 125-140, 1973.

20. Ting, K.L.H., Lee, R.C.T., Milne, G.W.A., Shapiro, M., and Guarino, A.M.: Applications of artificial intelligence: relationships between mass spectra and pharmacologic activity of drugs. Science 179: 417-420, 1973.

21. Prieur, D.J., Young, D.M., Davis, R.D., Cooney, D.A., Homan, E.R., Dixon, R.L., and Guarino, A.M.: Procedures for preclinical toxicologic evaluation of cancer chemotherapeutic agents: Protocols of the Laboratory of Toxicology. Cancer Chemother. Rep. 4 (3): 1-30, 1973.

22. Oliverio, V.T., and Guarino, A.M.: Absorption, protein binding, distribution and excretion of antineoplastic drugs. Biochem. Pharmacol. Suppl. No.2, 9-20, 1974.

23. Guarino, A.M., Pritchard, J.B., Anderson, J.B., and Rall, D.P.: Tissue distribution on 14C-DDT in the lobster after administration via intravascular or oral routes of after exposure from ambient sea water. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 29: 277-288, 1974.

24. Ting, K.L.H., Lee, R.C.T., Chang, C.L., and Guarino, A.M.: The relationship between the mass spectra of drugs and their biological activity. An application of artificial intelligence to chemistry. Comp. Biol. Med. 4: 301-332, 1975.

25. Guarino, A.M., and Prieur, D.J.: Increasing the reliability of extrapolation of preclinical toxicologic data of antineoplastic agents. In Pharmacological Basis of Cancer Chemotherapy. Baltimore, Maryland, Williams & Wilkins Co., pp. 351-381, 1975.

26. Pohl, R.J., Bend, J.R., Guarino, A.M., and Fouts, J.R.: Hepatic microsomal mixed function oxidase activity of several marine species from coastal Maine. Drug Metab. Dispos. 2: 545-555, 1974.

27. Guarino, A.M.: Systems analysis, cybernetics and toxicology. In Pharmacological Basis of Cancer Chemotherapy. Baltimore, Maryland, Williams & Wilkins Co., pp. 343-350, 1975.

28. Crawford, R.B., and Guarino, A.M.: Effects of DDT in Fundulus: Studies on toxicity, fate and reproduction. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 4: 334-348, 1976.

29. Prieur, D.J., Fenstermacher, J.D., and Guarino, A.M.: A choroid plexus papilloma in an elasmobranch, Squalus acanthias. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 56: 1207-1209, 1976.

30. Guarino, A.M., and Anderson, J.B.: Excretion of phenol red and its glucuronide in the dogfish shark. Xenobiotica 6: 1-13, 1976.

31. Guarino, A.M.: Toxicology of anticancer agents. National Cancer Institute Monograph 45: 49-55, 1977.

32. Bend, J.R., Hart, L.G., Guarino, A.M., Rall, D.P., and Fouts, J.R.: Distribution and excretion of [14C]-2,4,2'',5''-pentachlorobiphenyl in the lobster (Homarus americanus) and the dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias). Proc. Natl. Conf. on Polychlorinated Biphenyls (EPA-56016-75-004), 292-301, 1976.

33. Bungay, P.M., Dedrick, R.B., and Guarino, A.M.: Pharmacokinetic modeling of the dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias): distribution, urinary and biliary excretion of phenol red and its glucuronide. J. Pharmacokinet. Biopharm. 4: 377-388, 1976.

34. Litterst, C.L., Gram, T.E., Dedrick, R.L., LeRoy, A.F., and Guarino, A.M.: Distribution and disposition of platinum following intravenous administration of cis-diammine-dichloroplatinum (II) to dogs. Cancer Res. 36: 2340-2344, 1976.

35. Guarino, A.M., Pritchard, J.B., Anderson, J.B., and Rall, D.P.: Tissue distribution of 14C-methyl mercury in the lobster, Homarus Americanus, J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 2: 13-24, 1976.

36. Ward, J.M., Young, D.M., Fauvie, D.A., Wolpert, M.K., Davis, R.D., and Guarino, A.M.: Comparative nephrotoxicity of platinum cancer chemotherapeutic agents. Cancer Treat Rep. 60: 1675-1678, 1976.

37. Guarino, A.M., James, M.O., and Bend, J.R.: Fate and distribution of the herbicides 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) in the dogfish shark. Xenobiotica 7: 623-631, 1977.

38. Prieur, D.J., Young, D.M., Davis, R.D., Cooney, D.A., and Guarino, A.M.: Preclinical toxicology protocols of the Laboratory of Toxicology. National Cancer Institute Monograph 45: 159-177, 1977.

39. Torres, I.J., Litterst, C.L., and Guarino, A.M.: Transport of model compounds across the peritoneal membrane in the rat. Pharmacology 17: 330-340, 1978.

40. Guarino, A.M.: Pharmacologic and toxicologic studies of anticancer drugs: of sharks, mice, men (and dogs and monkeys). In DeVita, V.T., Jr., and Bush, H. (eds.): Methods in Cancer Research. New York Academic Press, Inc., vol. 17, pp. 91-174, 1979.

41. Guarino, A.M., Arnold, S.T., Pritchard, J.B., Davis, R.D., Urbanek, M.A., Miller, T.J., and Litterst, C.L.: Platinate toxicity: past, present, and prospects. Cancer Treat. Rep. 63: 1475-1483, 1979.

42. Guarino, A.M., and Arnold, S.T.: Xenobiotic transport mechanisms and pharmacokinetics in the dogfish shark. In Khan, M.A.Q., Lech, I.J., and Menn, J.J. (eds.): Pesticides and Xenobiotics Metabolism in Aquatic Organisms. Washington, D.C., Am. Chem. Society, ACS Monograph Series, vol. 99, pp. 233-258, 1979.

43. Jones, R.B., Myers, C.E., Guarino, A.M., Dedrick, R.L., Hubbard, S.M. and DeVita, V.T.: High volume intraperitoneal chemotherapy for ovarian cancer. Pharmacologic basis and early results. Cancer Chemother. and Pharmacol. 1: 161- 166, 1978.

44. Litterst, C.L., LeRoy, A.F., and Guarino, A.M.: The disposition and distribution of platinum following parenteral administration to animals of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum II. Cancer Treat. Rep. 63: 1485-1492, 1979.

45. Goldin, A., Rozencweig, M., Guarino, A.M., and Schein, P.S.: Quantitative and qualitative prediction of toxicity from animals to human. In Tagnon, H.J., and Staquet, M.J. (eds.): Controversies in Cancer - Design of Trials and Treatment. Paris, Masson, pp. 83-104, 1979.

46. Guarino, A.M., Rozencweig, M., Kline, I., Venditti, J.M., Lloyd, H.M., Holtzworth, D.A., and Muggia, F.M.: Adequacies and inadequacies in assessing murine toxicity data with antineoplastic agents. Cancer Res. 39: 2204-2210, 1979.

47 Penta, J.S., Rozencweig, M., Guarino, A.M., and Muggia, F.M.: Mouse and large animal toxicology studies of twelve antitumor agents: relevance to starting dose for phase I clinical trials. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 3: 97-101, 1979.

48. Pritchard, J.B., Anderson, J.B., Rall, D.P., and Guarino, A.M.: Comparative hepatic an renal handling of phenol red and indocyanine green by cyclostome, elasmobranch, and teleost fish. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 65C, 99-104, 1980.

49. Guarino, A.M., Miller, D.S., Arnold, S.T., Urbanek, M.A., Wolpert, M.K., and Hacker, M.P.: Approaches to studies of platinate toxicities. In Prestayko, A.W., Carter, S.K., and Crooke, S.T. (eds.): Cisplatin-Current Status and New Developments. New York, Academic Press, Inc. 237-248, 1980.

50. Guarino, A.M.: Animal models for predicting cardiotoxicity. In Current Chemotherapy and Infectious Disease, Am. Soc. for Microbiology, Washington, D.C. 1470-1472, 1980.

51. Guarino, A.M.: Basic Concepts of Toxicology. In: Craig, C.R. and Stitzel, R.E. (eds.): Modern Pharmacology. Boston, Little, Brown and Co. pp. 81-95, 1982.

51. Crawford, R.B., and Guarino, A.M.: Effects of environmental toxicants on development of a teleost embryo. J. Env. Path. Toxicol. and Oncol. 6: 185-194, 1985.

52. Lowe, M.C., Gram, T.E., and Guarino, A.M.: The utility of changes in cardiac weight as an index of drug-induced cardiotoxicity. J. Env. Path. Toxicol. and Oncol. 6: 57-68, 1985.

53. Collins, J.M., Dedrick, R.L., Flessner, M.F., and Guarino, A.M.: Concentration dependent disappearance of 5- fluorouracil from peritoneal fluid in the rat: experimental observations and distributed modeling. J. Pharm. Sci. 71, 735-738, 1982.

54. Miller, D.S. and Guarino, A.M.: Short-term Tests for Renal Toxicity, In: "Short Term Tests for Environmentally Induced Chronic Health Effects." EPA Monograph (EPA-600/8-83-002). Washington, D.C., 89-107, 1983.

55. Litterst, C.L., Torres, I.J., Arnold, S., McGunagle, D., Furner, R., Sikic, B.I., and Guarino, A.M.: Absorption of antineoplastic drugs following large-volume ip administration to rats. Cancer Treatment Reports 66, 147-155, 1982.

56. Guarino, A.M.: Drug metabolism in aquatic species: Perspective view of needs in the aquaculture area. In: "Proceedings of the IR-4/FDA Workshop for Minor Use of New Animal Drugs", New Brunswick, Rutgers University. pp. E1- E21, 1984.

57. Guarino, A.M.: In vivo metabolism and disposition of drugs by aquatic species. Veterinary and Human Toxicology 28, (Supplement 1), 31-37, 1986.

58. Guarino, A.M. and Lech, J.J.: Metabolism, disposition and toxicity of drugs and other xenobiotics in aquatic species. Veterinary and Human Toxicology 28, (Supplement 1), 38-44, 1986.

59. Guarino, A.M. and Chou, N.S.T.: Selecting therapeutic drugs for use in aquaculture (An overview of drug metabolism in fish). In: "Proceedings of the Fourth Congress of the Federation of Asian Veterinary Associations". Chinese Society of Veterinary Science, Taipei, Taiwan. 263-269, 1985.

60. Guarino, A.M.: Aquatic versus mammalian toxicology: applications of the comparative approach. Environmental Health Perspectives, 71, 17-24, 1987.

61. Plakas, S.M., McPhearson, R.M. and Guarino, A.M.: Disposition and bioavailability of 3H-tetracycline in the channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Xenobiotica, 18, 83-93, 1988.

62. Guarino, A.M., Plakas, S.M., Dickey, R.W. and Zeeman, M.: Principles of drug absorption and recent studies of bioavailability in aquatic species. Veterinary and Human Toxicology, 30, (Supplement 1), 41-44, 1988.

63. Plakas, S.M., Dickey, R.W., Barron, M.G., and Guarino, A.M.: Tissue distribution and renal excretion of ormetoprim after intravascular and oral administration in the channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Can. J. Fish Aquat. Sci. 47, 766-771, 1990.

64. McPhearson, R.M., DePaola, A., Zywno, S.R., Motes, M.L. and Guarino, A.M.: Antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative bacteria from cultured catfish and aquaculture ponds. Aquaculture 99, 203-211, 1991.

65. Guarino, A.M.: Regulatory and scientific roles for biodistribution studies in aquatic species. Veterinary & Human Toxicology 33, (Supplement 1), 54-59, 1991.

66. McCarthy, S.A., McPhearson, R.M., Guarino, A.M. and Gaines, J.L.: Toxigenic Vibrio Cholerae 01 and cargo ships entering Gulf of Mexico. The Lancet 339, 624-625, 1992.
Contact:

email: amguarino@earthlink.net
phone/voice mail: (251) 380-2710
fax: (251) 380-2711

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UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA
Department of Biomedical Sciences

 http://www.southalabama.edu/alliedhealth/biomedical