What are Frames?

One of 2 Spatial Strategies (Concept Mapping is the other).
Like other members of the spatial family of strategies, Frames provide "a visual display of substantial amounts of information," (West, Farmer, Wolff, 1991, p.58)
Frames are matrices which help organize and present information

What is the difference between Frames, Type I and Frames, Type II?

Frames, Type I simply allows the learner to place/organize information into slots to show that each shares the characteristics represented by the column and row label for that slot. Knowing about one slot does not necessarily tell you anything about another slot.
Frames, Type II shares all the characteristics and functions of Frames, Type I, AND is governed by "...some law-like principle or statement [that] allows, through inference, the completion of [other] slots," (West, Farmer, and Wolff).
In other words, knowledge about the information in one slot of a Type II tells you something about other slots.

	Type I	Type II
Has rows	*Yes*	*Yes*
Has columns	*Yes*	*Yes*
Has slots	*Yes*	*Yes*
Presents information visually	*Yes*	*Yes*
Organizes information	*Yes*	*Yes*
Knowledge of the contents of one slot allows prediction of the contents of one or more other slots	No	*Yes*

Example of a Frame, Type I:

	*Meats*	*Vegetables*
*Breakfast*	Sausage, bacon, Spam, Ham	Onion, tomato, potatoes
*Lunch*	Hotdogs, lunch meat, hamburgers	Potatoes, tomato, onion, salad greens
*Dinner*	Pork, chicken, fish, beef	Corn, peas, carrots, beans

Example of a Frame, Type II:

Notice that the Frame above is based on rules or attributes that promote increased generalization and discrimination. (Refer to Dempsey, 1986)

*** Stop now and go back to the course site and complete the application 4.1.